攻击性行为是指故意伤害他人身体或心理的行为。它不仅会对被攻击者带来危害也会影响攻击者自身的发展，高水平攻击性行为的个体在发展中更可能面临学业问题、人际关系问题等。家庭环境作为儿童成长的第一环境，对儿童认知发展、社会性发展都有重要影响。家庭嘈杂度作为家庭环境因素之一，能够预测儿童认知以及社会性的发展，但家庭嘈杂度对学前儿童攻击性行为的影响以及影响机制仍有待探究。执行功能是个体对自己的意识和行为进行监督和控制的一系列高级认知过程，其子成份由抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性三部分组成。它对学前儿童的身心发展和个体今后学习、生活、工作方面的成就具有重要意义。本文基于生态系统理论，探究家庭嘈杂度对学前儿童攻击性行为的影响，并进一步验证学前儿童执行功能在家庭环境和攻击性行为之间的中介作用。此外，学前期作为执行功能发展的关键期，在探究变量间关系后，依据活动游戏理论探究规则游戏对执行功能的干预作用，并验证干预执行功能是否能够降低学前儿童攻击性行为。

       研究一以学前儿童及其父母其中一方为研究对象，采用父亲或母亲报告的《家庭嘈杂度问卷》和《儿童攻击性行为量表》调查家庭嘈杂度和学前儿童的攻击性行为水平，运用6个执行功能测试任务组一对一测得学前儿童抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性的发展水平，共得到210份有效数据。研究结果表明：

        (1)家庭嘈杂度能够显著正向预测学前儿童攻击性行为；

        (2)家庭嘈杂度能够显著负向预测学前儿童的抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性的发展；

        (3)学前儿童抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性在家庭嘈杂与攻击性行为之间起到了部分中介作用。

        研究二在研究一的基础上筛选出低执行功能，高攻击性行为的学前儿童，随机分成实验组和控制组，运用规则游戏对实验组儿童的执行功能进行20次干预，控制组不做干预。干预后对两组学前儿童家庭嘈杂度、攻击性行为、执行功能进行测试，结果表明：

        (1)规则游戏干预方案对学前儿童抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性的发展有促进作用；

        (2)对学前儿童执行功能进行干预能够有效降低学前儿童攻击性行为。

        本研究围绕家庭嘈杂度对学前儿童攻击性行为的影响，揭示了家庭嘈杂度、执行功能、学前儿童攻击性行为的作用机制，并提供了干预方案。以上结果说明家庭嘈杂度是影响学前儿童攻击性行为的重要因素，不仅能够直接影响到学前儿童攻击性行为，还能通过执行功能间接地对攻击性行为产生影响。降低学前儿童攻击性行为可以通过干预执行功能来实现。

Aggressive behavior is behavior that intentionally hurts another person physically or psychologically. It will not only bring harm to the attacked, but also affect the attacker's own development. Individuals with high levels of aggressive behavior are more likely to face academic problems and interpersonal problems in their development. As the first environment for children's growth, family environment has an important impact on children's cognitive development and social development. As one of the factors of family environment, family noise can predict children's cognitive and social development, but the influence of family noise on preschool children's aggressive behavior and its mechanism remain to be explored. Executive function is a series of higher cognitive processes in which individuals supervise and control their own consciousness and behavior. Its sub-components are composed of inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility. It is of great significance to the physical and mental development of preschool children and the achievements of individuals in future study, life and work. Based on ecosystem theory, this thesis explores the influence of family noise on preschool children's aggressive behavior, and further verifies the mediating role of preschool children's executive function between family environment and aggressive behavior. In addition, the pre-school period is a critical period for the development of executive function. After exploring the relationship between variables, the intervention effect of rules and games on executive function is explored according to the activity play theory, and the intervention on executive function is verified to reduce the aggressive behavior of preschool children.

Study 1 took preschool children and one of their parents as the research object, investigated family noise level and children's aggressive behavior level by using the Family Noise questionnaire and the Child Aggressive Behavior Scale reported by parents, and tested the development level of children's executive function and its three sub-components by using the executive function task group, and obtained 210 valid data. The results show that:

(1)Family noise can positively predict aggressive behavior of preschool children;

(2)Family noise can negatively predict the development of inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility of preschool children;

Inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility of preschool children play a partial mediating role between family noise and aggressive behavior.

In study 2, on the basis of study 1, children with low executive function and high aggressive behavior were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group. 20 interventions were performed on the executive function of children in the experimental group by playing rules, while no intervention was performed in the control group. After intervention, the two groups of preschool children were tested for family noise, aggressive behavior and executive function, and the results showed that:

(1)The rule play intervention program can promote the development of inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility in preschool children;

(2)The rule game intervention program can effectively reduce the aggressive behavior of preschool children.

This study focused on the influence of family noise on preschool children's aggressive behavior, revealed the mechanism of family noise, executive function, and aggressive behavior of preschool children, and provided intervention programs. These results indicate that family noise is an important factor affecting preschool children's aggressive behavior, which can not only directly affect preschool children's aggressive behavior, but also indirectly affect aggressive behavior through executive function. Reducing aggressive behavior in preschool children can be achieved by intervening in executive function.

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