审计报告作为财务报告中的关键组成部分能够帮助上市公司提高财务报告质量。2008 年金融危机过后，国外监管机构认为当前审计报告存在内容单一、信息含量不足等缺陷，始对现行审计报告 进行改革。为实现审计准则国际趋同以及更好地满足我国财务报告使用者的需求，2015 年中国注册 会计师协会开始修订和研讨新的审计报告准则。新审计准则要求下，注册会计师要在原有编制基础 上在审计报告中特别披露被审计单位的关键审计事项，直接提示财务报告使用者注意注册会计师认 为上市公司可能存在风险的领域。高质量的关键审计事项能够提高审计报告中的信息含量。但就当前关键审计事项披露的现有情况来看，上市公司所披露的关键审计事项更倾向于简单重复财务报表相关内容，存在同质化现象，难以满足投资者需求。医药制造行业的发展不仅与人类的生命健康息息相关，还关乎国民经济的稳定。百姓对自身健康的关注以及医药行业在国民经济中的重要性吸引了越来越多的投资者目光，他们对医药制造行业上市公司的财务报告有了更高的要求。

本文以白云山 2017 年至 2022 年关键审计事项的披露情况为研究重点，首先简单介绍整个医药制造行业的特点、历年审计情况以及关键审计事项披露的现状。其次深入研究白云山历年来关键审 计事项披露的基本情况，发现白云山关键审计事项披露存在披露数量不充分、披露形式可理解性较差、披露的关键审计事项集中度高增量信息较少以及关键审计事项审计应对程序模板化导致差异性小的问题。再次，针对上述问题，从事务所、审计师和监管机构三个层面展开分析，发现导致白云山关键审计事项披露存在问题的主要原因为：事务所延续以往审计风格、事务所内部审计质量控制体系不完善以及盈利性导向下激烈的行业竞争；审计师对新审计准则理解存在差异、“趋利避害”的天性导致审计师不愿意披露审计结果以及审计人员的能力和数量不足；政策制定者未明确关键审计事项披露的要求以及外部监管机构未实行有效监督。最后，依据前文研究内容提出完善关键审计事项披露的建议，包括：鼓励事务所向优秀同仁看齐适当调整审计风格、建立健全事务所内部质量控制体系以及搭建所内关键审计事项披露沟通平台；提升审计师提升专业胜任能力、通过建立风险基金制度等方式提升审计师风险承受能力以及直接要求审计师完善关键审计事项披露内容；建议政策制定部门完善准则内容、依据行业特征讲解典型案例，监管机构还应当建立健全奖励惩罚机制。

本文研究了白云山在披露关键审计事项过程中存在的问题，探究问题背后的原因，最后提出了完善关键审计事项披露的建议。希望能够提供更多案例成果，丰富现有的医药制造企业关键审计事项披露相关研究。与此同时，以期为相关监管机构提供改进工作的思路，加强监管力度，提升关键审计事项披露质量。

The audit report, as a key component of financial reporting, plays an important role in improving the quality of financial reporting. After the financial crisis in 2008, foreign regulators began to reform the current audit report because of the defects of single content and insufficient information content. In order to achieve the convergence of China's auditing standards and international auditing standards, and better meet the needs of financial reporting users in China, the Chinese Institute of Certified Public Accountants began to revise and discuss the new audit reporting standards in 2015. Under the requirements of the new audit standards, the CPA should, on the basis of the original preparation, specifically disclose the key audit matters of the audited entity in the front part of the audit report, and directly remind the users of the financial report to pay attention to the areas where the CPA believes that the listed company may have risks. High quality key audit matters can improve the information content of audit reports. However, in terms of the current disclosure of key audit matters, the key audit matters disclosed by listed companies are more inclined to simply repeat the relevant contents of financial statements, with homogenization, which is difficult to meet the needs of investors. The development of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is not only closely related to human life and health, but also related to the stability of the national economy. The public's concern for their own health and the importance of the pharmaceutical industry in the national economy have attracted more and more investors' attention, who have higher requirements for the financial reports of listed pharmaceutical manufacturing companies.

This thesis focuses on the disclosure of key audit matters of Baiyunshan from 2017 to 2022. Firstly, it briefly introduces the characteristics of the entire pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, the audit situation over the years and the status quo of the disclosure of key audit matters. Secondly, through in-depth research on the basic disclosure of key audit matters in Baiyun Mountain over the years, it is found that the disclosure of key audit matters in Baiyun Mountain has problems such as insufficient disclosure quantity, poor understanding of disclosure forms, high concentration of disclosed key audit matters and less incremental information, and small differences caused by the template of audit response procedures for key audit matters. Thirdly, in view of the above problems, this thesis analyzes them from the three levels of firms, auditors and regulators, and finds that the main reasons leading to the problems in the disclosure of key audit matters of Baiyunshan are: the firm's continuation of the previous audit style, the imperfect internal audit quality control system of the firm and the fierce industry competition under the guidance of profitability; The differences in auditors' understanding of the new auditing standards, the nature of "seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages" lead to auditors' reluctance to disclose audit results and the lack of auditors' ability and quantity; Policymakers have not clarified quantitative requirements for disclosure of key audit matters and external regulators have not exercised effective oversight. Finally, according to the previous research content, suggestions are put forward to improve the disclosure of key audit matters, including: encouraging firms to align with outstanding colleagues and adjust audit styles appropriately, establishing and improving the internal quality control system of firms, and building a communication platform for disclosure of key audit matters within the firm; Enhance auditors' professional competence, enhance auditors' risk tolerance by establishing risk fund system, and directly require auditors to improve the disclosure of key audit matters; It is suggested that policy-making departments improve the content of the guidelines and explain typical cases according to the characteristics of the industry, and regulators should also establish and improve reward and punishment mechanisms.

This thesis studies the problems and underlying reasons of Baiyunshan's disclosure of key audit matters, and ultimately proposes suggestions for improving the disclosure of key audit matters by Baiyunshan pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises. I hope to provide more case studies to enrich the existing research on key audit disclosure in harmaceutical manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, it is expected to provide improvement ideas for relevant regulatory agencies, strengthen supervision, and improve the quality of disclosure of key audit matters.

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