串叶松香草（Silphium perfoliatum L.）属于菊科多年生的草本植物，粗蛋白含量高，是潜在优质饲料的来源。新疆土壤盐渍化严重，是制约作物产量和品质提高的限制因素。盐地碱蓬是盐生植物，是重要挖掘耐盐基因的资源。NLP7（NIN-like protein 7）是植物硝酸盐信号通路中的正向调控转录因子，在氮代谢和植物逆境胁迫响应中发挥重要作用。前期研究发现盐地碱蓬（Suaeda salsa）的SsNLP7基因提高了番茄的耐盐性。本研究以串叶松香草为材料，构建了串叶松香草的稳定高效的再生体系，将SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因的过表达载体通过农杆菌介导法转化串叶松香草，获得转基因植株，并测量了盐胁迫下转基因串叶松香草的生理指标，以验证SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因在串叶松香草中的抗盐功能。主要研究结果如下：

1.与无氮高盐处理相比，过表达SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因的番茄植株在低氮高盐环境下根系更为发达，表现出更强的耐盐性。在大田栽培条件下，转基因番茄的果实产量与野生型无显著差异，表明过表达SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因不影响番茄产量的同时，提高番茄的耐盐性。

2.通过优化外植体选择和激素配比，成功构建了串叶松香草的稳定高效的再生体系。下胚轴作为外植体再生效果更佳，确定了最佳诱导不定芽培养基：MS+1.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA，生根培养基：1/2 MS+0.1 mg/L NAA，为后续的遗传转化奠定了基础。

3.通过农杆菌介导法获得转基因串叶松香草。结果表明，SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因过表达显著促进根系发育，蛋白质含量无显著变化。

4.在300mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫下，转基因串叶松香草的相对含水量、叶绿素含量、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均显著高于野生型，而相对电导率、MDA含量和H₂O₂则显著低于野生型。转基因植株的抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性显著提高，表明SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因通过保护细胞膜的稳定性和完整性、增加了叶绿素含量，增强抗氧化酶的活性，提高了串叶松香草的耐盐性。

综上所述，过表达SsNLP7A、SsNLP7D基因可提高串叶松香草的耐盐性且维持其营养价值，为耐盐作物育种提供了重要理论依据。

Silphium perfoliatum L., a perennial herbaceous plant in the Asteraceae family, has a high crude protein content and is a potential source of high-quality feed. Severe soil salinization in Xinjiang is a limiting factor that restricts the improvement of crop yield and quality. Salt tolerant Suaeda salsa is a halophyte and an important resource for exploring salt tolerant genes. NLP7 (NIN like protein 7) is a positively regulated transcription factor in the plant nitrate signaling pathway, playing an important role in nitrogen metabolism and plant stress response. Previous studies have found that the SsNLP7 gene in Suaeda salsa enhances salt tolerance in tomatoes. This study constructed a stable and efficient regeneration system for the Chinese pine herb, using the herb as the material. Overexpression vectors of the SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes were transformed into transgenic plants through Agrobacterium mediated transformation, and physiological indicators of the transgenic Chinese pine herb under salt stress were measured to verify the salt resistance function of the SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes in Chinese pine herb. The main research results are as follows:

Compared with the nitrogen free and high salt treatment, tomato plants overexpressing SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes showed more developed roots and stronger salt tolerance in low nitrogen and high salt environments. Under field cultivation conditions, there was no significant difference in fruit yield between genetically modified tomatoes and the wild type, indicating that overexpression of SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes does not affect tomato yield and improves salt tolerance.

2. By optimizing the selection of explants and hormone ratios, a stable and efficient regeneration system for Pinus massoniana was successfully constructed. The regeneration effect of hypocotyls as explants is better, and the optimal induction medium for adventitious buds has been determined: MS+1.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA, Rooting medium: 1/2 MS+0.1 mg/L NAA, laying the foundation for subsequent genetic transformation.

3. Obtain genetically modified pine vanilla through Agrobacterium mediated method. The results showed that overexpression of SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes significantly promoted root development, with no significant changes in protein content.

4. Under 300mmol/L NaCl salt stress, the relative water content, chlorophyll content, proline content, and soluble sugar content of transgenic Chinese pine vanilla were significantly higher than those of the wild type, while the relative conductivity, MDA content, and H₂O₂ content were significantly lower than those of the wild type. The antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT) of transgenic plants were significantly increased, indicating that the SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes improved the salt tolerance of Pinus massoniana by protecting the stability and integrity of the cell membrane, increasing chlorophyll content, and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity.

In summary, overexpression of SsNLP7A and SsNLP7D genes can enhance salt tolerance and maintain its nutritional value in the Chinese pine herb, providing important theoretical basis for salt tolerant crop breeding.

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