As a major aspect of the study of social structure, social class mobility can dynamically present the situation of social stratification and reflect the fairness of the society. Education, as the foundation of a country and the cornerstone of social progress, plays an important role in social class mobility.Since the expansion of college enrollment, Chinese students have more and more opportunities to obtain higher education. However, the employment competition of college graduates is also increasingly fierce. There have been some voices in the society that "it is difficult to give birth to a child from a poor family", and the academic circle has also set off a heated discussion on the relationship between higher education and social class.
This study adopts the empirical research paradigm. Firstly, it analyzes the development process and current situation of higher education and social stratification and stratum mobility in China with the data of "China General Social Survey" and "China Education Statistical Yearbook".Secondly, a multivariate logistic regression model is constructed to analyze the impact of access to higher education opportunities on individual social class and social class mobility, as well as the impact of the interaction between college enrollment expansion and access to higher education opportunities on social class mobility.Thirdly, through the interview method, we analyze the mechanism of the influence of higher education opportunity on individual social class and social class mobility.Finally, according to the development of higher education and the current situation of social stratum mobility and their interaction, the author puts forward some suggestions to promote the rational mobility of social stratum in China.
The research conclusions are as follows :
First, with the continuous expansion of colleges and universities, Chinese students have more and more opportunities to receive higher education, but there are still differences between genders, regions, urban and rural areas, and students of different social classes.In terms of gender, the proportion of female students has increased by twists and turns in the past two decades, and now exceeds that of male students.In terms of regions, the growth range and development trend of the proportion of people receiving higher education in different regions are different, and the growth rate in western region is slow.In terms of the difference between urban and rural areas, the expansion of university enrollment will widen the gap of higher education opportunities between urban and rural students.In terms of social class, the higher education opportunity of the students from the first to the fourth stratum increases with the increase of social class, while the higher education opportunity of the students from the fifth stratum decreases.
Second, in terms of social class, the income level and professional class of Chinese residents are constantly improving, and the subjective social class is almost "olive". In terms of class mobility, most residents have improved their social class compared with the social class of the family of origin, but only by a small margin, and the disadvantaged class is still in a weak position.
Third, higher education chance for social mobility has a significant role in promoting. Compared with the underprivileged, receive higher educators tend to be in the higher class, receiving higher education is one of the important conditions in the higher class. And the higher social classes, the higher requirement for receiving higher education, the less likely it is that non-graduates will be allowed to enter.But the expansion of university enrollment has weakened the promotion effect. By analyzing the interaction between the access to higher education opportunities and the expansion of higher education, it is found that the gap between those who accept higher education and those who do not accept higher education is smaller t
As a major aspect of the study of social structure, social class mobility can dynamically present the situation of social stratification and reflect the fairness of the society. Education, as the foundation of a country and the cornerstone of social progress, plays an important role in social class mobility.Since the expansion of college enrollment, Chinese students have more and more
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